Ice Fishing Lesson #3 - Here Fishy, Fishy!

Just what are those fish doing down there

while it's soooo cold?!?!

Knowing what those fish are up to will help you have better chances of making a catch while ice fishing. Here are some things to consider...

Habitat:

• all animals need a place to live, called their habitat
• all animals have the same basic needs in their habitat... food, shelter, water, space
• fish can be found near a shelter and food source (weed bed, fallen tree, rock, etc.)

Animal Behavior in Winter:

• as the temperature drops, so does animal activity level
• many animals slow down when it's cold to conserve energy, therefore needing less food and oxygen (ex. Painted turtles breath so slowly that it may only be once every eight to ten minutes! source: New Hampshire Wildlife Journal, Jan./Feb. 2012, p. 24)
• cold-blooded animal's body temperature changes with their surroundings, so animals like fish move deep into the water near the mud
• fish also move nearer to food sources so they don't have to use to much energy to find food

Fish Fact Conclusion:

• they slow down in winter (move and eat less)
• they like to be near structure (protection from predators, food source)
  • ex. weed bed, land point extended out into water, fallen tree, rocks, place where the water changes depth quickly)
• they move deeper into the water (near food source)
• they move apart from each other (most of the water is the same temperature so they are not moving to a warm/cold spot with other fish)

As you head out on the lake/pond, take a look around you. What looks like a good place to check the depth of the water? Are there any structures visible from the surface to drill holes somewhat near? Also consider what type of fish you're hoping to catch... Different fish prefer to hang out in different regions. For example, pickerel like weed beds.

Games to play while waiting for the fish to bite:

Oh Deer! (or Oh Fish!) (six or more players)

• Form two equal lines of people and face away from each other, about 10-20 feet, depending on age group
• Pick one line of people to represent the deer (fish, bear, etc.)
• Both lines have each person choose to be: food (hands on belly), water (hands on mouth), shelter (hands together, pointing over head – looks like roof of house), or space (arms out wide). (No talking or peeking to see what others are choosing...)
• On the count of three, both lines turn around to face each other. The deer (bear, fish, etc.) run/swim/bound across to the other line to find a matching food/shelter/water/space. (The food/shelter/water/space people don't move. They wait patiently hoping an animal needs what they have to offer.)
• Those animals who find a match bring his/her match back across the playing field to where they started.
• Because the animal was able to find what it needed to survive, it was able to live and reproduce. The animals who didn't get a match, in other words get what they needed to survive, pass away and join the food/shelter/water/space line. Also, any food/shelter/water/space people who didn't get match stay in the line they were in.
• Continue this as many rounds as possible until all the animals have passed away, or run out of habitat requirements (become overpopulated).
• It should start to become obvious to participants that not every animal gets what it needs every time. If all animals did, there would be too many animals and not enough resources to go around.

Fish Frenzy

• Pretend to be a fish under the ice, swimming in the water, by lying on your belly on the ice
• In summer the fish move around quickly, so when someone yells “Summer!”, it's time to swim as fast as you can!
• (“Autumn” = slower, “Winter” = slowest, “Spring” = speed up a little, “Summer” = swim fast)
• Participants can take turns picking a season to shout out or one person can be the season shouter.
• (This could also be done as a race. The fastest fish, while adhering to the correct speed of movement for the proper season, could be the first to get to food/shelter.)
• So many variations! Just have fun with it!

The big day is almost here! After hikes in the woods looking at fallen trees, tracking wild animals, quests across the ice, we're so excited to get out there and fish! There's is always more to learn and more connections to make!

*Here's a connection from our quest on the ice today... Old tracks across the ice that have now become part of the ice!

Ice Fishing Lesson #2 - Ice Safety and Exploration

The sun was bright, the breeze was cold, and the day was just perfect! We left home around mid-morning on a quest to scope out the ice for next weekend's ice fishing extravaganza. The hike there was peaceful, as the crunch of icy snow under heavy boots could be heard, not much else. Not too many tracks to note on the trail or ice, but one thing I can say; the squirrels have been busy!

As we reached the lake, one bob house and three fishermen were spotted. Oh yeah, and let's not forget the dog riding on a four-wheeler, with his master driving of course! The ice was as hard as a solid can be. The little bit of snow on top of the ice was more of ice pellets than fluff. We chose the best route available and followed the tracks of a previous snowmobiler who went right across the middle of the lake. (If the ice could hold this snowmobile recently, then it should be able to hold us. We had checked the ice about a month earlier and it had eight inches in the area we were walking toward.)

As we worked our way out of the bay, the goal was to try to stay on the little bit of crunchy snow for traction and near the path of the snowmobiler. (There was lots of exposed ice and boy was it slippery!) We passed an ice fisher checking his tip-ups and had to talk "fish talk". Things like "How thick is the ice today?" and "Any catches?" are common. Another common piece of any conversation out on the ice usually revolves around the idea that just being out there is the best part, no matter how well the fish are or aren't biting. This person we chatted with was happy to report "13 to 14 inches of ice" and "perch"!

Once out into the broad of the lake, "glug, glug, GLUG" echoed across the lake. A-ha! Nature, right on cue, to remind us that the solid we were walking on is floating on top of a liquid, the lake! This sound, along with the loud cracking often heard out on the ice, was the perfect cue to talk about ice safety. It was also a great opportunity to talk about how magical the ice is by allowing us to walk on water for the winter. It's quite a view to be on the lake, looking across, without a boat keeping you afloat!

You've mastered "solid", "liquid", and "gas"! Now it's time to see these three states in action! Find a pond or lake near you and go exploring!

• How do we know if the ice is safe? What are some clues to look for?
• What are some ways to check the thickness of the ice?
• Is the layer of ice one solid mass?
• Is the ice the same thickness across the whole pond/lake?
• What are the fish and frogs doing during the winter?
• How do fishermen get the fish out of the water while ice fishing?
• What is an example of a "solid" here? "liquid"? "gas"?

Here are some resources for the topic of "ice safety":

http://www.crrel.usace.army.mil/ierd/ice_safety/safety.html

http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/safety/ice/thickness.html

http://www.wildlife.state.nh.us/Fishing/Fishing_PDFs/Ice_Safety_Brochure.pdf



Math Connection:
Give students a bunch of hypothetical situations to choose from (snowmobile = .25 tons, truck = 1 ton, person = 0.0875 tons , deer = 0.125 tons, etc.). Have the students use the following equation to figure out how thick the ice needs to be for each.

How thick does it need to be?

A simple formula to estimate the minimum ice thickness required to support a load is

where h is the ice thickness in inches and P is the load, or gross weight, in tons.

(source: http://www.crrel.usace.army.mil/ierd/ice_safety/safety.html)

***Math Reminders***

• Follow order of operations (PEMDAS).
• Check your answer and also ask yourself if the answer makes sense.
• Ask yourself, "Now that I've found the mathematical answer, what information have I gained?"

Please feel free to share any adventures you have had out on the ice! A good story is always worth sharing!